維歐尼-維歐尼所屬被子植物門,在曾經(jīng)的歐洲大陸是比較普遍的一款的葡萄,維歐尼(Viognier)為牛奶葡萄品種。維歐尼的特點是極其的芬芳,帶著濃郁的杏子、水蜜桃和果香,讓人一聞就難以忘懷,可惜酸度較低不耐久存,加之產(chǎn)量不高,所以種植范圍不是很廣。該品種產(chǎn)自隆河地區(qū)的康德呂(Condrieu)和格里葉堡(Chateau Grillet),隨著全球越來越多的關注,在法國南部、澳洲、加利福尼亞州、智利也開始有不錯的表現(xiàn)。
概要
英文別名
Bergeron,Barbin, Rebolot, Greffou, Picotin Blanc,Vionnier,Petiti Vionnier, Viogne,Galopine,Vugava bijela。
原產(chǎn)地
法國
生長環(huán)境
典型香氣
簡介
Viognier,中文譯名十分多樣,以“維歐尼”譯名最深入人心,流傳最為廣泛。該品種原產(chǎn)于法國,法國、美國、澳大利亞、南非、智利、新西蘭和阿根廷等地都有種植。這是一個極難種植的葡萄品種,即使在十分適合它的主要種植區(qū)——法國隆河谷(Rhone Valley),其產(chǎn)量也非常少。該品種是孔得里約(Condrieu)唯一的牛奶葡萄品種,也參與著名的格里葉堡(Chateau Grillet)葡萄酒的釀造,同時也賦予羅第產(chǎn)區(qū)(Cote Rotie)西哈(Syrah)紅葡萄酒濃郁的香氣。總體說來,用維歐尼釀制的葡萄酒呈金黃色,干爽而滑膩,透著極其濃郁的沁人酒香。
Viognier(維歐尼):長勢旺盛的品種,從9月初就開始成熟。難于種植,對于多種病害都很敏感,需要種植在貧瘠干燥多石的土壤里。酒精度高,酸度低,和諧,圓潤,帶有強烈花香(紫羅蘭、金合歡)而且能發(fā)展出蜂蜜、麝香、桃和干杏的香氣。這個品種以前只有北隆河的Chateau Grillet, Condrieu種植,僅僅數(shù)十公頃的面積,而今,其特點受到越來越多的重視,種植面積在世界范圍內(nèi)成飛快的速度發(fā)展,遍及美國、澳大利亞等新世界國家。
起源
關于Viognier (發(fā)音vee-oh-nyay)維歐尼葡萄的起源,我們的葡萄酒學究們?nèi)匀辉跔幾h當中。在他們沒有完成頂定論,之前更多的專家認為維歐尼是起源于達爾馬提亞,同樣出產(chǎn)于達爾馬提亞的克羅地亞好東西就是鼎鼎有名的大麥町斑點狗。在羅馬帝國時期它被帶入了法國的隆河地區(qū)。當時有名的皇帝普羅布斯還在公元281年的時候還親自采購過維歐尼葡萄。另外一個傳說說的是這款葡萄和席拉一起被裝在貨船運送去薄若來途中,曾被一群當?shù)氐囊蝗鹤苑Q是culs de piux(虔誠的忠實者)的不法團伙劫持,案發(fā)地點就在隆河地區(qū)的Condrieu(已經(jīng)成為隆和重要的維歐尼產(chǎn)地)附近,看起來就算是在遙遠的古代其受歡迎程度一點也不差。
Viognier的起源也同樣含糊不清,和她拼寫最接近的法國城市Vienne維埃那是當時羅馬帝國的前哨城市。另外一個關于她名字的猜測來源于古羅馬語中的Gehennae的發(fā)音,這個詞的意思是通往地獄的道路,暗指這款葡萄在種植上的別樣艱辛。雖然我們確信當時的種植葡萄的農(nóng)民已經(jīng)擁有相當文學造詣和夸大事實的本領,不過維歐尼對于環(huán)境的要求確實是有些苛刻了,不僅喜歡立于貧瘠干燥多石的土壤之上,對于很多針對葡萄的病蟲害都沒什么抵抗力。盡管擁有如此驕縱和脆弱的性格,維歐尼所給出的濃烈花香:最具有辨識度的是紫羅蘭和金合歡的香氣,而且在后味中還能發(fā)展出麝香和杏仁的香氣,這幾乎是沒有任何一款牛奶葡萄能夠比擬的,除了作為混釀葡萄酒中增添香氛的重要元素之外,純的維歐尼通過高酒精度的調(diào)配,可以發(fā)揮其最佳的釀造適性達到飽滿而柔軟的酒體以及高度復雜的香氣特質,較高的酒精度能夠烘托更深層次的口感,從而提升出其香味層面的潛力。
維歐尼在曾經(jīng)的歐洲大陸是比較普遍的一款的葡萄,雖然它作為一款在世界葡萄酒市場不常見的白葡萄成為北羅納(北隆河)地區(qū)的一個的獨家標志性品種。上個世紀60年代的時候,這個品種在法國幾乎瀕臨滅絕,想象一下當時的北隆河只剩 8 英畝的維歐尼葡萄園。由于一度如此稀少,而葡萄酒時尚的轉變來的如此之快,盡管如今維歐尼在全球的種植量大大的上升,但在價格上,隆河維歐尼的價格永遠是白酒中的翹楚。
繼續(xù)之前提到過的維歐尼的親緣糾紛,直到2004年,加利福尼亞大學發(fā)布了一系列關于維歐尼的脫氧核糖核酸歸類報告,Davis博士宣布了和維歐尼最親近的親戚,她是來自意大利社會共和國皮爾蒙特產(chǎn)區(qū)的Freisa葡萄,在遺傳學上講,它還是人氣意大利葡萄Nebbiolo內(nèi)比歐露葡萄的堂姐。
維歐尼最吸引人的地方可能是其強大,復雜的香氣。香氣物質與瓊瑤漿,麝香一樣,是種烯物質,維歐尼不適于久存,一類花香會在3年內(nèi)逐漸消失。雖然大部分維歐尼都是干的,但是延遲采摘或稻草法也能釀制甜酒。
維歐尼常見blend(混釀):設拉子維歐尼,加利福尼亞州嘗試了霞多麗,白詩南,鴿籠白,但加州的維歐尼酒精度高于法國。在智利,阿根廷也有種植,比如智利流行的品牌Casilero del Diablo生產(chǎn)的Viognier。澳大利亞,意大利,南非,新西蘭,日本都有種植。
生長環(huán)境
維歐尼的主要一個缺點就是難以生長,雖然比較耐旱,但是在潮濕環(huán)境下容易得白粉病,與其他品種一樣,收獲必須在成熟的高峰期,來獲取其獨特的風味和香氣。收獲過早,無法得到豐富的香氣,收獲過晚,葡萄酒會有油性的味道,品種高糖低酸,賦予葡萄酒風味和乙醇。很多酒莊會用它來進行調(diào)和。
分布范圍
全球引種
維歐尼從90年代開始被廣泛的引種在世界各地。不管是加州和澳大利亞,如今都擁有為數(shù)可觀的維歐尼葡萄葡萄園。但是其實維歐尼也面臨過一段尷尬的低迷時期:法國境內(nèi)維歐尼數(shù)量下降趨勢的巔峰在葡萄根瘤菌泛濫的時候上升到了巔峰,這場葡萄業(yè)界的風暴從19世紀中葉一直持續(xù)到了20世紀,維歐尼的種植面積也是有減無增。第一次世界大戰(zhàn)帶來的混亂更是讓種植葡萄的世家改行或者干脆舉家搬遷。所以才會有我剛才公布的1965年的尷尬數(shù)字,人們才開始意識到他們國家的一門重要葡萄正面臨滅絕的重大問題。即使是到了1985年的時候,維歐尼在法國的種植仍然岌岌可危。當然如今維歐尼已經(jīng)順利的逃脫了瀕臨滅絕的危機,并且在世界各地有限的生長著而法國的北隆河產(chǎn)區(qū)的種植面積也有大幅度的提升。除了之前說到的加利福尼亞州和澳大利亞,成功移植的維歐的其他國家和地區(qū)分別是意大利社會共和國中部的 Piedmont皮爾蒙特產(chǎn)區(qū)以及南非,新西蘭,甚至在日本你都能找到維歐尼葡萄園的蹤跡。
法國維歐尼
Rhone Valley羅納河谷:
法國的維歐尼只在幾個產(chǎn)區(qū)內(nèi)獲得單一種植許可,Condrieu 和 Chateau Grillet 注1(維歐尼名望最高的產(chǎn)地)都名列其中,這些地域大多是在隆河的左岸,距離里昂南部40公里的授權葡萄園。大多數(shù)法國產(chǎn)的維歐尼都在Languedoc朗格多克地區(qū)以 Vin de Pays身份銷售。在隆河地區(qū)的出口莊園中,這款葡萄經(jīng)常和Roussane,Marsanne馬珊,Grenache blanc白歌海納和Rolle葡萄混合釀造,以期制造出具有家族風范的高品質白酒。在北隆河地區(qū)這款葡萄還和Chardonnay莎當妮一起混合釀制。在Vignerons他們只挑擁有保溫材質的花崗石質土壤來種植維歐尼,這樣植株的生命力會被大大的增強。薄若來比較有名的釀酒大師Georges Duboeuf在Ardèche產(chǎn)區(qū)移植了不少維歐尼,借著隆河維歐尼的原有的名聲使其成為其白酒打開銷路。
除了為隆河的白酒增色之外,在Cote-Rotie AOC產(chǎn)區(qū)的標準當中,紅酒中能夠加入20%的維歐尼,但是但多數(shù)廠商往往都不會在自己得意的紅酒作品中放超過5%的維歐尼。由于維歐尼比席拉等葡萄的成熟要早很多,這款葡萄經(jīng)常和混釀的對象席拉葡萄分開進行采摘和發(fā)酵。除了增添嗅覺上的愉悅之外,維歐尼對于紅葡萄酒的最大的好處就是通過在釀制中的共色作用為每瓶出產(chǎn)的紅酒提供穩(wěn)定的如寶石般的色澤。
由這些廠商的老道手段,古老的維歐尼積攢多年的韻味再次被打開,其凝練的特質即使作為配角出現(xiàn)在一些作品中也能被細心的品醇客察覺到。如果你是喜歡舊世界葡萄酒復雜和雋永性格的老酒客,下一杯,你能否辨識出維歐尼這塊凝練的琥珀呢?
注1:Chateau Grillet(法國最小的AOC產(chǎn)地,面積不到10畝,只有一個業(yè)主)
除了Rhone Valley羅納河谷以外,維歐尼也種植于法國南部的Provence(普羅旺斯)和Languedoc(朗格多克)地區(qū)。
澳大利亞維歐尼
澳大利亞廣泛種植維歐尼,1980年,Yalumba御蘭堡是第一個把維歐尼從法國羅納河產(chǎn)區(qū)帶到澳大利亞商業(yè)種植的酒莊,葡萄種植在巴羅莎谷。南澳維歐尼的種植面積也在大量增加,澳洲的維歐尼酒精度往往能達到13%以上。如同Cote-Rotie的設拉子會加入維歐尼調(diào)配一樣,澳洲也流行這種做法,添加的量因人而異,一般都在5%左右。(維歐尼混釀的比例變化空間比較大,從2%-10%以下,所以結果也各不相同),維歐尼賦予了酒體更多的香甜香氣,來中和西拉子所具有的濃烈香氣,并且在口感上也起到調(diào)和作用,使得葡萄酒更圓潤,平衡,更能穩(wěn)定設拉子的顏色。是近些年澳洲流行的一種趨勢!
下面列舉澳洲生產(chǎn)維歐尼的酒莊。
Alan and Veitch 阿德萊德 Hills
Albert River Queensland Coastal
Aldinga Bay McLaren Vale
Alkoomi Frankland River
Allies Wines Mornington Peninsula
Allusion Wines Southern Fleurieu
Amulet Vineyard Beechworth
Anderson Winery Rutherglen
Andrew Peace Wines Swan Hill
Angas Vineyards Langhorne Creek
Angoves Winery Riverland
Angullong Wines 橙色
Arakoon McLaren Vale
Artwine Clare Valley
Arundel Sunbury
Badgers Brook Yarra Valley Yarra Valley
Bago Vineyards Hastings River
Ballandeen Estate Granite Belt
Ballinaclash Wines Hilltops
balthazar Barossa
Bartagunyah Estate Southern 弗林德斯大學 Region
Barton Estate Canberra
Barwick Wines Margaret River
Battely Wines Beechworth
Battle of Bosworth Wines McLaren Vale
Battunga Vineyards 阿德萊德 Hills
Beelgara Estate Riverina
Belgrave Park Winery South Coast Zone
Belgravia Vineyards Orange
Bellarine Estate Geelong
Berton Vineyards Riverina
Bimbadgen Estate hunter Valley
Binbilla Hilltops
Biscay Wines Barossa Valley
Blamires Butterfly Crossing Bendigo
Blue Poles Vineyard Margaret River
Boat O'Craigo Yarra Valley
Boireann Granite Belt
Boyntons Feathertop Alpine Valleys
Brammar Estate Yarra Valley
Brindabella Hills Canberra
Brokenwood Wines hunter Valley
Brookhampton Estate Geographe
褐色 Brothers King Valley
By Farr Geelong
Calais Estate Hunter Valley
Camp Road Estate hunter Valley
Campbells Wines Rutherglen
Cape Mentelle Margaret River
Capel Vale Geographe
Carickalinga Creek Southern Fleurieu
Carilley Estate Swan Valley
Carlaminda Estate Geographe
Cascabel McLaren Vale
Casella Riverina
Castagna Vineyard Beechworth
Ceres Bridge Estate Geelong
Chain of Ponds 阿德萊德 Hills
Chalice Bridge Estate Margaret River
Charlies Estate Wines Swan Valley
Chateau Mildura 安迪·穆雷 Darling
Ciavarella King Valley
Circo V King Valley
Claymore Wines Clare Valley
Clonakilla Canberra
Cobaw Ridge Macedon Ranges
Coombe Farm Vineyard Yarra Valley
Counterpoint Vineyard Pyrenees
COW Hill Beechworth
Crane福特汽車公司 Barossa Valley
Creed of Barossa Barossa Valley
Cupitt's winery Shoalhaven Coast
Currans Family Wines 安迪·穆雷 Darling
CYPRESS Post Granite Belt
D'Arenberg McLaren Vale
Darling Park Mornington Peninsula
David Hook Wines Hunter Valley
De Beaurepaire Wines Mudgee
de Mestre Wines Mudgee
Deakin Estate Murray Darling
Diamond Valley Vineyards Yarra Valley
Djinta Djinta Gippsland
DogRidge McLaren Vale
Domain Day Barossa Valley
Dos Rios Swan Hill
戴森 Wines McLaren Vale
Eaglerange Wines Alpine Valleys
Eden Hall Eden Valley
Elgee Park Mornington Peninsula
Evans Family Wines hunter Valley
Even Keel Wines Canberra
Farrell Estate 安迪·穆雷 Darling
Fighting Gully Road Beechworth
First Creek Hunter Valley
Flying Duck Estate King Valley
Flynn's Wines Heathcote
Fonty's Pool Vineyards Pemberton
Fox Gordon Barossa Valley
Francois Jacquard Perth Hills
Frankland Estate Frankland River
Freeman Vineyards Hilltops
Galvanized Wine Group McLaren Vale
Geddes Wines McLaren Vale
Gelland Estate Mudgee
Gemtree Vineyards McLaren Vale
Geoff Merrill McLaren Vale
Gherardi Wines Margaret River
Ghost Riders Vineyard hunter Valley
Giant Steps Yarra Valley
Glandore Estate Hunter Valley
Grant Burge Barossa Valley
Gregory's Wines The Peninsulas
Grove Estate Wines Hilltops
Gundowringla Wines Alpine Valleys
Haan Barossa Valley
Hamiltons Bluff Cowra
Happs Margaret River
Harris River Estate Geographe
Hartley Estate Perth Hills
Haselgrove McLaren Vale
Hastwell and Lightfoot McLaren Vale
Haywards of Locksley Strathbogie Ranges
Heafod Glen Winery Swan Valley
Heartland Vineyard hunter Valley
Heartland Wines Limestone Coast
Heathcote Winery Heathcote
Heggies Vineyard Eden Valley
Heidenriech Estate Barossa Valley
Helen's Hill Estate Yarra Valley
Henley Hill Yarra Valley
Henschke Eden Valley
Hently Farm Wines Barossa Valley
Hobbs of Barossa Ranges Barossa Valley
Honey Moon Vineyard 阿德萊德 Hills
Hotham Ridge Winery Peel
House of Certain Views hunter Valley
Hugh Hamilton McLaren Vale
Immerse Yarra Valley
Inkwell McLaren Vale
Innocent Bystander Yarra Valley
Izway Wines Barossa Valley
Jarrah Ridge Winery Perth Hills
Jeir Creek Canberra
Jimbour Wines Queensland Zone
Kalgan River Wines Albany
Kalleske Wines Barossa Valley
Kamberra Canberra
Kangarilla Road McLaren Vale
Katoa Wines Heathcote
Kay Bros Amery McLaren Vale
Keith Tulloch Wine hunter Valley
Kidman Coonawarra Wines Coonawarra
Kilikanoon Clare Valley
Killara Estate Yarra Valley
Kindred Spirit Wines Strathbogie Ranges
King River Estate King Valley
Kingston Estate Riverland
Kirrihill 阿德萊德 Hills
Kirwans Bridge Wines Nagambie Lakes
Koltz McLaren Vale
Kouark Gippsland
Ladbroke Grove Coonawarra
Lady Bay Winery Southern Fleurieu
Lamonts Central Western Australian Zone
Langanook Wines Bendigo
Langmeil Barossa Valley
Lanzthomson Wines Barossa Valley
Lark Hill Winery Canberra
Lashmar 袋鼠科 Island
Lazy Ballerina McLaren Vale
Lerida Estate Canberra
Lethbridge Wines Geelong
Lillian Pemberton
Linda Domas Wines McLaren Vale
Lindenton Wines Heathcote
Little's Winery hunter Valley
Little River Wines Swan Valley
Little Wine Company hunter Valley
Logan Wines Mudgee
Longview Vineyard 阿德萊德 Hills
Louee Wines Mudgee
M. Chapoutier Australia Mount Benson
Macquarie Grove Vineyards Western Plains
Maddens rise Yarra Valley
Margan Family hunter Valley
Mary Byrnes Wines Granite Belt
mas serrat Yarra Valley
Mason Wines Granite Belt
Mason Wines Granite Belt
Maxwell Wines McLaren Vale
McCuskers Vineyard Perth Hills
McHenry Hohnen Margaret River
McIvor Creek Heathcote
McKellar Ridge Canberra
McPherson Wines Nagambie Lakes
Meera Park hunter Valley
Merum Pemberton
Metier Wines Yarra Valley
Mihi Creek Vineyard New England
Miles from Nowhere Margaret River
Millbrook Winery Perth Hills
Mitchelton Nagambie Lakes
Moppity Vineyards Hilltops
Mount Appallan Vineyards South Burnett
Mount Buffalo Vineyard Alpine Valleys
Mount Burrumboot Estate Heathcote
Mount Camel Ridge Estate Heathcote
Mount Cole Wineworks Grampians
Mount Pilot Estate North East 宋茜
Mount Surmon Clare Valley
Mount Trio Vineyard Porongurup
Mountadam Eden Valley
Mr Riggs Wine Company McLaren Vale
Mulyan Cowra
Munari Heathcote
Mundoonen Canberra
安迪·穆雷 Darling Collection Murray Darling
Murray Street Vineyard Barossa Valley
Myattsfield Vineyard and Winery Perth Hills
Myrtle Vale Vineyard Upper Goulburn
Nalbra Estate Geelong
Neqtar Wines Murray Darling
Noorilim Estate Goulburn Valley
Normanby Wines Queensland Zone
Nursery Ridge 安迪·穆雷 Darling
Oakover Estate Swan Valley
Oatley Wines Mudgee
Oceanview Estates Queensland Coastal
Olivers Taranga McLaren Vale
Orange Mountain Orange
Organic Vignerons Australia Riverland
Paracombe Wines 阿德萊德 Hills
Parri Estate Southern Fleurieu
Patterson Lakes Estate Port Phillip Zone
peel Ridge Peel
Peerick Vineyard Pyrenees
Pelican's Landing Maritime Wines Southern Fleurieu
Penny's Hill McLaren Vale
Pennyfield Wines Riverland
Pepper Tree Wines hunter Valley
Pepperilly Estate Wines Geographe
Petaluma 阿德萊德 Hills
Petersons Glenesk Estate Mudgee
Pettavel Geelong
Philip Shaw orange
Phoenix Estate Clare Valley
鋼琴 Gully Manjimup
Pikes Clare Valley
Pinnacle Wines Orange
Plan B Margaret River
Plunkett Fowles Strathbogie Ranges
Poachers Ridge Vineyards Mount Barker
Pondalowie Bendigo
Possums Vineyard McLaren Vale
Pothana hunter Valley
王子 of Orange Orange
Printhie Wines Orange
Protero 阿德萊德 Hills
紫色 Hen Wines Gippsland
Pyren Vineyard Pyrenees
Ralph Fowler Wines Mount Benson
Ravensworth Wines Canberra
Redbank 宋茜 King Valley
Redheads Studio McLaren Vale
Rees Miller Estate Upper Goulburn
Regent Wines Swan Hill
Ridgemill Estate Granite Belt
Ridgeview Wines hunter Valley
Riverbank Estate Swan Valley
Robert Johnson Vineyards Eden Valley
Roberts Estate 安迪·穆雷 Darling
Rocky Passes Wines Upper Goulburn
Romavilla Roma
Roundstone Winery Yarra Valley
Rowanston on the Track Macedon Ranges
Rupert's Ridge Estate Heathcote
Rutherglen Estates Rutherglen
Salisbury Winery 安迪·穆雷 Darling
Saltram Barossa Valley
Sanguine Estate Heathcote
Sautjan Vineyards Macedon Ranges
Scion Vineyard Rutherglen
Seabrook Wines Barossa Valley
Seven Ochres Vineyard Margaret River
Seven Ochres Margaret River
Sevenhill Wines Clare Valley
Shadowfax Vineyard and Winery Geelong
Shelmerdine Heathcote
Sieber Road Wines Barossa Valley
Sirromet Queensland Coastal
Smidge Wines Langhorne Creek
Snobs Creek Wines Upper Goulburn
Solstice Mount Torrens Vineyards 阿德萊德 Hills
Sons of Eden Barossa Valley
Sorby Adams Eden Valley
Southern highland Wines Southern Highlands
Spence's Vineyard Geelong
鬣刺屬 Barossa Valley
Spoehr Creek Wines Adelaide Hills
SpringLane Yarra Valley
St Leonards Rutherglen
Steinborner Family Vineyards Barossa Valley
stella Bella Margaret River
Sticks Yarra Valley
Stone Ridge Granite Belt
Stonehaven Padthaway
Stuart Wines Heathcote
Sugarloaf Ridge Southern TAS MANIA
Sutherlands Creek Vineyard Geelong
Sutton Grange Winery Bendigo
Swings & Roundabouts Margaret River
Symphonia King Valley
Symphony Hill Wines Granite Belt
Syrahmi Heathcote
T'Gallant Mornington Peninsula
Taemus Wines Canberra
Tahbilk Nagambie Lakes
Tallarook Wines Upper Goulburn
Tallis Wine Company Goulburn Valley
Taltarni Pyrenees
Tamar Ridge Northern Tasmania
Tanglewood Vines Blackwood Valley
tapestry McLaren Vale
Tatachilla McLaren Vale
Tawonga Vineyard Alpine Valleys
Taylors Clare Valley
Temple Bruer Langhorne Creek
Terra Felix Upper Goulburn
The Islander Estate Vineyards 袋鼠科 Island
The Lane 阿德萊德 Hills
The Pawn Wine Company Langhorne Creek
The Ritual Peel
The Standish Wine Company Barossa Valley
Three Moon Creek Queensland Zone
Tiltili Wines Langhorne Creek
Tim Smith Wines Barossa Valley
Torbreck Vintners Barossa Valley
Trahna Rutherglen Wines Rutherglen
Trentham Estate 安迪·穆雷 Darling
Turners Crossing Vineyard Bendigo
Two Dorks Estate Heathcote
Valhalla Wines Rutherglen
Veritas Barossa Valley
Vincognita McLaren Vale
Vinea Marson Heathcote
Vintara Rutherglen
W Wine of Mudgee Mudgee
Wallington Wines Cowra
Walter Clappis Wine Co McLaren Vale
Wandoo Farm Central Western Australian Zone
Wanted Man Heathcote
Waratah Vineyard Queensland Zone
Watershed Wines Margaret River
Waurn Ponds Estate Geelong
Wedgetail Ridge Estate Darling Downs
West Cape Howe Wines Denmark
Westend Estate Riverina
Western Range Wines Perth Hills
Westgate Vineyard Grampians
Westlake Vineyards Barossa Valley
Whale Coast Wines Southern Fleurieu
Whicher Ridge Geographe
Whistling Eagle Wines Heathcote
Whitsend Estate Yarra Valley
Whyworry Wines New England
Willow Bridge Estate Geographe
Wills Domain Vineyard Margaret River
Willunga 100 Wines McLaren Vale
Winbirra Vineyard Mornington Peninsula
Winewood Granite Belt
Wirra Wirra McLaren Vale
Woop Woop Wines McLaren Vale
Wovenfield Geographe
Wrattonbully Vineyards Wrattonbully
Yalumba Wine Company Barossa Valley
Yangarra Estate McLaren Vale
Yarra Yarra Yarra Valley
Yarra Yering Yarra Valley
Yarraloch Yarra Valley
Yengari Wine Company Beechworth
Yering Station Yarra Valley
Zilzie Wines 安迪·穆雷 Darling
Zonte's Footstep Langhorne Creek
歐洲其他產(chǎn)區(qū)
關于世界上的其他種植區(qū)域,我們不能忽視歐洲的其他地區(qū)。到目前為止,已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)在意大利,西班牙,希臘,瑞士和奧地利種植了維歐尼。
美國維歐尼
1990年之前幾乎沒有任何維歐尼種植在加州葡萄園,今天約有800公頃。80年代Calera酒莊是引進維歐尼的先驅,但自1990年以來已被廣泛種植,滿足來自美國的大量需求。在加利福尼亞州已經(jīng)嘗試結合霞多麗,白詩南和Colombard。
加州是一個種植維歐尼的州。華盛頓州已擁有20公頃種植,在科羅拉多州,佐治亞州,紐約州,北卡羅來納州,俄勒岡州,得克薩斯州。
參考資料 >
Viognier(維歐尼).紅酒世界網(wǎng).2012-10-19