英格麗·多貝西（Ingrid Daubechies），1954年8月17日出生在比利時林堡省的豪特哈倫-亥爾赫泰倫市，是一位物理學家和數學家。國際數學聯盟主席，她在圖像壓縮和信號處理的小波變換的研究領域有著重要貢獻，此外，她還是2023年沃爾夫數學獎的得主。英格麗·多貝西對數學和科學的熱愛是從小就培養起來的。父親在她上學時培養了她對這些學科的好奇心和興趣。作為一個孩子，她對事物如何構建、如何運作，以及機械背后的機制、數學概念背后的真相，都很著迷。當她無法入睡時，她甚至會在腦海中計算大數字，并認為數字迅速增長很吸引人。
個人經歷
1975年畢業于布魯塞爾自由大學物理專業。之后，在該校作助理研究員，1984年成為助教。并獲得物理學博士學位。
1987年，英格麗·多貝西移居美國，任職於AT&T位於紐澤西的貝爾實驗室。就在同一年，做出了她最為著名的發現：即如何建立緊支撐的離散正交小波。這個發現最終被用于圖像壓縮，包括JPEG 2000標準中的多貝西小波。
1993年以來，多貝西擔任普林斯頓大學的全職教授。
主要貢獻
發展雙正交小波
多貝西最重要的貢獻是她在1988年提出了平滑的緊湊支持的正交小波基。這些基數徹底改變了信號處理，為數字化、存儲、壓縮和分析如音頻和視頻信號、計算機斷層掃描和磁共振成像數據提供了高效的方法。這些小波的緊湊支持使其有可能在線性依賴信號長度的時間內將信號數字化。這對信號處理的研究人員和工程師來說是一個關鍵因素，他們能夠迅速將信號分解為不同尺度的貢獻的疊加。此外，她發展的雙正交小波已成為JPEG 2000圖像壓縮和編碼系統的基礎。
由多貝西教授的工作所提出的小波理論已經成為信號和圖像處理的許多領域的一個重要工具。例如，它已被用于增強和重建哈勃空間望遠鏡早期的圖像，用于檢測偽造的文件和指紋。此外，小波是無線通信的一個重要組成部分，并被用來將聲音序列壓縮成MP3文件。
英格麗-多貝西因其在創建、發展小波理論和現代時頻分析方面的工作而被授予沃爾夫獎。她發現了平滑的、緊湊支持的小波，并發展了雙正交小波，改變了圖像和信號處理和過濾。
倡導教育平等
除了她的科學貢獻，多貝西教授還倡導科學和數學教育的平等機會，特別是在發展中國家。作為國際數學聯盟的主席，她努力推動這一事業。她意識到女性在這些領域面臨的障礙，并努力指導年輕的女科學家，增加她們的代表性和機會。
主要論文
1.D.Aerts and I.Daubechies, About the structure-preserving maps of a quantum mechanical propositional system, Helv.Phys. Acta,51,pp.637-660,1978.
2.D.Aerts and I.Daubechies, Physical justification for using the tensor product to describe two quantum systems as one joint system,Helv.Phys. Acta, 51,pp.661-675,1978.
3.I.Daubechies, An application of hyperdifferential operators to holomorphic quantization, Lett. 數學Phys.,2 (6),pp.459-469,1978.
4.D.Aerts and I.Daubechies, A mathematical condition for a sublattice of a propositional system to represent a physical subsystem,with a physical interpretation, Lett. 數學 Phys.,3 (1), pp.19-27, 1979.
5.D.Aerts and I.Daubechies, A connection between propositional systems in Hilbert Space樂隊s and von Neumann algebras,Helv.Phys.Acta,52, pp.184-199, 1979.
6.D.Aerts and I.Daubechies, A characterization of subsystems in physics, Lett. 數學 Phys.,3 (1), pp.11-17,1979.
7.I.Daubechies and A. Grossmann, An integral transform related to quantization, J. Math. Phys.,21 (8),pp.2080-2090,1980.
8.I.Daubechies,"Representation of quantum mechanical operators by kernels on Hilbert spaces of analytic functions," Ph.D. Thesis, Free University Brussels (VUB),1980.
9.I. Daubechies, "Weylkwantisatie bestudeerd langs de koherente toestanden om," Contest for Traveling Fellowships of he Belgian Government,1980, (in Dutch).1980.
10.I.Daubechies,Coherent states and projective representation of the linear canonical transformations, J. 數學 Phys.,21 (6),pp.1377-1389,1980.
11.I.Daubechies, On the distributions corresponding to bounded operators in the Weyl quantization Comm. Math. Phys., 75 (3), pp. 229-238, 1980.
12.I.Daubechies and 金鐘炫 Klauder, Constructing measures for path integrals, J. 數學 Phys., 23 (10), pp. 1806-1822, 1982.
13.J.R. Klauder and I. Daubechies, Measures for path integrals, Phys. Rev. Lett., 48, pp. 117-120, 1982.
14.J.RKlauder and I. Daubechies, Wiener measures for quantum mechanical path integrals, in Stochastic Processes in Quantum Theory and Statistical Physics 173, S. Albeverio, Ph. Combe, and M. Sirugue-Collin (Eds.), pp. 244-247, Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 1982.
15.D.Aerts and I. Daubechies, A simple proof that the logical structure preserving map between quantum mechanical proposition systems conserves the angles, Helv. Phys. Acta, 56, pp. 1187-1190, 1983.
16.I.Daubechies and 金鐘炫 Klauder, Measures for more quadratic path integrals, Lett. 數學 Phys., 7 (3), pp. 229-234, 1983.
17.I.Daubechies and E. Lieb, One-electron relativistic molecules with Coulomb interaction, Comm. Math. Phys., 90 (4), pp. 497-510, 1983. Also as part of book entitled The Stability of Matter: From Atoms to Stars, Selecta of Elliott H. Lieb Part V, W. Thirring (Ed.), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005.
18.I.Daubechies, An Uncertainty Principle for Fermions with Generalized Kinetic 能量,Comm. 數學 Phys., 90 (4), pp. 511-520, 1983.
19.I. Daubechies, Continuity statements and counterintuitive examples in connection with Weyl quantization, J. Math. Phys., 24 (6), pp. 1453-1461, 1983.
20.I. Daubechies, A. Grossmann, and J. Reignier, An integral transform related to quantization II: Some mathematical properties, J. 數學 Phys., 24 (2), pp. 239-243, 1983.
21.I. Daubechies and E. Lieb, Relativistic molecules with Coulomb interaction, pp. 143-148 in Proceedings of the 1983 UAB Conference on Differential Equations, eds. I. Knowles and R. Lewis, North-Holland, 1984.
22.I. Daubechies, "Weylkwantisatie bestudeerd via een integraaltransformatie met behulp Van het koherentetoestanden-formalisme," Paper awarded the 1984 Louis Empain Prize (Belgium) for Physics, 1984, (in Dutch).1984.
23.I. Daubechies, One electron molecules with relativistic kinetic 能量: Properties of the discrete spectrum, Comm. 數學 Phys., 94 (4) , pp. 523-535, 1984.
24.J.R Klauder and I. Daubechies, Quantum mechanical path integrals with Wiener measures for all polynomial Hamiltonians, Phys. Rev. Lett., 52, pp. 1161-1164, 1984.
25.I. Daubechies and 金鐘炫 Klauder, Quantum-mechanical path integrals with Wiener measure for all 多項式 Hamiltonians. II, J. 數學 Phys., 26 (9), pp. 2239-2256, 1985.
26.I. Daubechies and J.R. Klauder, True measures for real 時間 path integrals, pp. 425-432 in Path Integrals from meV to MeV, eds. S. Albeverio, C. Inomata, 金鐘炫 Klauder, and L. Streit, World Scientific, 1986.
27.I. Daubechies, A. Grossmann, and Y. Meyer, Painless nonorthogonal expansions, J. 數學 Phys., 27 (5), pp. 1271-1283, 1986.
28.I. Daubechies and T. Paul, Wavelets - some applications, pp. 675-686 in Proceedings of the International Conference on Mathematical Physics, eds. M. Mebkhout and R. Seneor, World Scientific, Marseille, France, 1987.
29.I. Daubechies, Discrete sets of coherent states and their use in signal analysis in Differential Equations and Mathematical Physics 1285, I.W. Knowles and Y. Saito (電子數據系統), pp. 73-82, Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 1987.
30.I. Daubechies, 金鐘炫 Klauder, and T. Paul, Wiener measures for path integrals with affine kinematic variables, J. 數學 Phys., 28 (1), pp. 85-102, 1987.
31.I. Daubechies and A. Grossmann, Frames in the Bargmann space of entire functions, Comm. Pure & Appl. Math., 41 (2), pp. 151-164, 1988.
32.I. Daubechies and T. Paul, 時間頻率 localization operators-a geometric phase space approach II. The use of dilations, Inverse Problems, 4 (3), pp. 661-680, 1988.
33.I. Daubechies, Time-frequency localization operators: a geometric phase space approach, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 34 (4), pp. 605-612, 1988.
34.I. Daubechies, Orthonormal bases of compactly supported wavelets, Comm. Pure & Appl. 數學, 41 (7), pp. 909-996, 1988.
35.I. Daubechies, Orthonormal bases of wavelets with finite support - connection with discrete filters," Proceedings of the 1987 International Workshop on Wavelets and Applications, Marseille, France, eds. Jackie McLean Combes, A. Grossmann, and Ph. Tchamitchian, Springer, Berlin, 1989.
36.I. Daubechies, The wavelet transform, 時間頻率 localization and signal analysis IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 36 (5), pp. 961-1005, 1990.
37.I. Daubechies and J.C. Lagarias, Two-scale difference equations. I. Existence and global regularity of solutions, SIAM J. 數學 Anal., 22 (5), pp. 1388-1410, 1991.
38.I. Daubechies, Phase space path integrals, coherent states and Wiener measure, Proceedings of the 1987-1988 Workshop on Path Integrals, Colombia University (蒙特利爾) and Sherbrooke University, Canada, Suppl. Rendiconti Circ. Mat. di Palermo II, 25, pp. 157-176, 1991.
39.I. Daubechies, The wavelet transform: a method for 時間頻率 localization, chapter 8 (pp. 366-417) in the book Advances in Spectrum Analysis and Array Processing, Vol. 1, ed. S. Haykin, Prentice-Hall, 1991.
40.I. Daubechies, S. Jaffard, and J.L. Journe, A simple Wilson orthonormal basis with exponential decay, SIAM J. 數學 Anal., 22 (2), pp. 554-572, 1991.
社會職務
人才培養
教授課程
個人生活
1987年，英格麗·多貝西與前AT&T實驗室的負責互聯網及網絡系統的副總裁羅伯特·考爾德班克結婚。
獲得榮譽
2018年12月16日，英格麗·多貝西獲得第三屆“復旦－中植科學獎”。
2023年2月，她獲得了沃爾夫數學獎。
人物評價
英格麗-多貝西教授對小波理論領域做出了重大貢獻。她的研究徹底改變了圖像和信號的數字處理方式，為數據壓縮提供了標準和靈活的算法。這導致了包括醫學成像、無線通信，甚至是數字電影等多種技術的廣泛創新。
多貝西在開發諧波分析的實際應用方面也做出了無與倫比的貢獻，從而將復雜的圖像處理技術引入到從藝術到進化生物學等領域。
參考資料 >
Ingrid Daubechies' Publication List.杜克大學.2024-07-23
Ingrid Daubechies.Duke Pratt School of Engineering.2024-07-21
Curriculum Vitae Prof.Dr.Ingrid Daubechies.德國國家科學院.2024-07-22