車輪螺科（學(xué)名：Architectonicidae），又稱螺旋梯螺或日晷螺，是海棲腹足綱軟體動(dòng)物門的一個(gè)科，屬于異鰓類支序下的下異鰓類非正式群組成員。車輪螺科分布于印度太平洋區(qū)，舊屬異旋目，現(xiàn)為車輪螺總科下唯一一個(gè)有現(xiàn)生種的科。
形態(tài)特征
貝殼呈圓錐形、低圓錐形或平旋形，胎殼逆旋，臍孔廣闊，殼表通常有獨(dú)特的尾旋雕刻。口蓋角質(zhì)，內(nèi)側(cè)有小柄。殼表褐色斑較多，有多條螺溝，殼底臍孔色澤淡。車輪螺科有時(shí)也被稱為“螺旋梯螺”或“日螺”，其貝殼底面呈扁平狀，階梯般的折褶環(huán)繞著寬而深的大臍孔。
分布范圍
棲息環(huán)境
生活在溫海水域，棲息淺海砂底，約10-50m深的沙質(zhì)海底。
常見品種
Adelphotectonica reevei (Hanley, 1862)
Architectonica gualtierii Bieler, 1993
Architectonica maxima 巨車輪螺 (淺黃玉螺, 1849)
Architectonica perspectiva 黑線車輪螺 (Linnaeus, 1758)
Architectonica trochlearis 車輪螺 (Hinds, 1844)
Discotectonica acutissima 扁車輪螺 (Sowerby III, 1914)
Discotectonica nipponicus 鑲珠車輪螺 Kuroda et Habe, 1971
Granosolarium gemmiferum 深海小輪螺 Bieler, 1993
Granosolarium mirabilis 鋸緣小輪螺 (Schepman, 1909)
Heliacus areola 高腰車輪螺 (Gmelin, 1791)
Heliacus enoshimensis 火焰小輪螺 (Melvill, 1891)
Heliacus fenestratus (Hinds, 1844)
Heliacus implexus 栗色繩目車輪螺 (Mighels, 1845)
Heliacus infundibuliformis 扁小輪螺 (Gmelin, 1791)
Heliacus stramineus 草黃車輪螺 (Gmelin, 1791)
Heliacus variegatus 繩紋車輪螺 (Gmelin, 1791)
Psilaxis 棘豆屬 金絲車輪螺 (A. Adams, 1855)
Psilaxis radiatus 輻射車輪螺 (Roeding, 1798)
Solatisonax acutecarinata 銳脊車輪螺 (Thiele, 1925)
屬
車輪螺科包括以下各屬：
- Adelphotectonica Bieler, 1987
- Aguayodiscus Jaume & Borro, 1946
- Architectonica R?ding, 1798：模式屬
- Awarua Mestayer, 1930
- Basisulcata Melone & Taviani, 1985
- ?Calodisculus Rehder, 1935
- ?Climacopoma Fischer, 1885
- ?Dinaxis Dall in Aldrich, 1895
- ?Discotectonica Marwick, 1931
- ?Disculus Deshayes, 1863
- ?Eosolarium Chavan, 1947
- ?Ewekorolaxis Adegoke, 1977
- Grandeliacus Iredale, 1957 represented as Heliacus (Grandeliacus) Iredale, 1957 (alternate 表征)
- ?Granoheliacus Melone & Taviani, 1985
- ?Granosolarium Sacco, 1892
- Gyriscus Tiberi, 1867
- Heliacus d'Orbigny, 1842
- ?Intitectonica Frassinetti & Covacevich, 1984
- ?Nigerialaxis Adegoke, 1977
- ?Nipteraxis Cossmann, 1916
- ?Nodosolarium Sacco, 1892
- Paurodiscus Rehder, 1935
- Philippia J. E. Gray, 1847
- ?Platylaxis Adegoke, 1977
- Pseudomalaxis P. Fischer, 1885
- ?Pseudotorinia Sacco, 1892
- Psilaxis Woodring, 1928
- ?Punjabia Eames, 1952
- Pyrgoheliacus Bieler, 1987
- RedivivusMelone & Taviani, 1985
- ?Rinaldoconchus Bandel, 1988
- Solatisonax Iredale, 1931
- Spirolaxis di Monterosato, 1913
- ?Stellaxis Dall, 1892
- Teretropoma Rochebrune, 1881 represented as Heliacus (Teretropoma) Rochebrune, 1881 (alternate 表征)
- Torinista Iredale, 1936 represented as Heliacus (Torinista) Iredale, 1936 (alternate representation)
- ?Trimalaxis Garvie, 1996
- ?Wangaloa Finlay, 1927
- Zerotula Finlay, 1927
Genera brought into synonymy:
- Acutitectonica Habe, 1961: synonym of Discotectonica Marwick, 1931
- Astronacus Woodring, 1959: synonym of Heliacus (Torinista) Iredale, 1936
- Claraxis Iredale, 1936: synonym of Granosolarium Sacco, 1892
- Discosolis Dall, 1892: synonym of Pseudomalaxis P. Fischer, 1885
- Mangonuia Mestayer, 1930: synonym of Pseudomalaxis P. Fischer, 1885
- ?Patulaxis Dall, 1892: synonym of ? Climacopoma Fischer, 1885
- Russetia Garrard, 1961: synonym of Discotectonica Marwick, 1931
- ?Solariaxis Dall, 1892 : synonym of Granosolarium Sacco, 1892
- Solarium 拉馬克, 1799: synonym of Architectonica R?ding, 1798
- Torinia Gray, 1842 : synonym of Heliacus d'Orbigny, 1842
參考資料 >