牛津萬靈學院由坎特伯雷大主教亨利·奇切勒建立，國王亨利六世為其正式聯合創始人。早在1436年，大主教就開始為他的第二個牛津基金會（第一個是圣伯納德基金會）做準備，但直到1437年8月的圣斯科拉斯蒂卡日（2月10日）才奠基。從那時起到1443年，奇切勒的學院花費了他約9,500英鎊（按當前價格計算，約500萬英鎊）。其中，超過5,000英鎊用于捐贈莊園，主要位于肯特郡和米德爾塞克斯郡，以及貝德福德郡和白金漢郡的其他財產，以及萊斯特郡、北安普敦郡、什羅普郡和威爾士的大量沒收的外來修道院土地。
學院簡介
牛津萬靈學院與其它牛津學院的不同之處在于它沒有自己的學生。每一年，萬靈學院都會補充新成員，即邀請牛津大學中最優秀的學生參加由萬靈學院組織的一場考試，其中最出色的兩名學生將會成為萬靈學院的新成員。成為萬靈學院的成員在英國被認為是最高的榮譽。
學院是由亨利六世（Henry Chichele）于1438年為紀念反法庭之役去世的戰士所建。學院的構架在建立之后都沒有再改變過。今天學院是主要一個學術研究機構。
英文版
All Souls College, 牛津布
All Souls College (in full: The College of All Souls of the Faithful Departed, of Oxford) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom.
All Souls is an oddity among Oxford colleges in that it has no students. Its members automatically become Fellows, i.e., academics who are full govern荷蘭 members of the College.
Every year, the top finalists of the University are invited to sit the examination for fellowship of the College. About two are elected to fellowship each year. Fellowship of All Souls is thus regarded as one of the highest academic honours in the United Kingdom. These Fellows are known as Prize Fellows, their term of office is seven years and roughly a dozen are at the college at any one 時間 Other categories of fellowship include Senior Research Fellows, Post-Doctoral Research Fellows, Fifty-Pound Fellows (open only to former Fellows no longer holding posts in Oxford) and Distinguished Fellows. There are also many Professorial Fellows who hold their fellowships by 理性 of their University post.
學院現況
2015年一月為止，有76研究員，23客座研究員，八名譽研究員，以及32名譽（即退休學術）研究員在該學院 積極支持下繼續研究。目前研究員中，33位完全由萬靈資助（如高級研究研究員，博士后和研究員考試），17位學者通過萬靈學院獲得牛津大學學者崗位。其余的包括在其他大學的學者、非學者（如律師），這些前研究員已經參與公共生活，目前中擔任學院牧師，研究員館員和Bursars。在非學術研究員在大學治理中發揮重要作用，并幫助連接學術和公共生活，特別是在法律，經濟，政治和國際關系學。
通過考試獎學金和博士后獎學金，學院堅定地致力于在學術界實現自己的職業生涯的早期階段。同時，該學院擁有英國科學院的22名研究員（和另外21名之間的名譽研究員）和倫敦皇家自然知識促進學會三個研究員。
學院與慈善委員會（注冊號1138057）注冊的慈善機構。
As of January 2015 there are seventy-six Fellows of All Souls, twenty-three Visiting Fellows, eight Honorary Fellows, and thirty-two Emeritus (i.e. retired academic) Fellows, whose continuing research the College actively supports. Of the current Fellows, thirty-three are academics entirely funded by All Souls (as Senior Research Fellows, Post-Doctoral Fellows, and Examination Fellows), SEVENTEEN are academics with 牛津布 University positions attached to All Souls, and the rest include academics at other universities, non-academics (e.g. barristers), former Fellows who have attained distinction in public life, and the College Chaplain, Fellow Librarian, and Bursars. The non-academic Fellows play an important part in the governance of the College and help connect academic and public life, notably in law, economics, and politics and international relations.
Through the Examination Fellowships and Post-Doctoral Fellowships, the College is strongly committed to academics at an early stage of their careers. At the same 時間 the College has twenty-two Fellows of the British Academy (and a further TWENTYONE amongst its Emeritus Fellows), and three Fellows of the Royal Society.
The College is a charity registered with the Charity Commission (Registration number 1138057).
參考資料 >
Foundation.All Souls College.2024-04-08